Urban planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Urban arranging - Essay Example It continues in two different ways: the duplication of the purposes of focus and the expansion in size of the concentrations† (qtd. in Champion 144). This wonder is clear in a portion of the significant urban areas on the planet, for example, London and Paris, which have a serious extent of urban fixation. Then again, suburbanisation is a term that has come to be seen with respect to the decentralization of urban spots or metropolitans since it is an impression of the â€Å"shift in examples of improvement from the fundamentally parallel development of the city’s developed center to a lot further entrance of house incorporating with a broad driving hinterland or ring† (Champion 149). Basically, suburbanisation is a portrayal of the periphery zones of significant urban areas coming about to zones called rural areas, which have different implications relying upon their definition in different places far and wide. In any case, the show meaning of rural areas suggests that they are neighborhoods situated in the periphery territories of a huge city inside a driving far off to the city with some having political self-rule while the populace thickness of these zones change starting with one spot then onto the next. Suburbanization is where urban areas develop incidentally; beginning by development of individuals, exchange and offices from thickly populated urban centers to, to less populated human settlements. Among the reasons were extension in transport, swarmed urban zones, modern development and movement and Levittown assumed a significant job being developed of rural areas from the 1950’s and past (Marshall). The car age, which was after the Second World War, saw the arrival of numerous servicemen. They were completely qualified for instruction and lodging benefits. New bachelors’ degrees were given and it made an expert class. The veterans that picked professional instruction filled the administration area. The two classes began having kids that became infant

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers ISHAYA AJET HOSEA 130151 CPBLG Putting resources into Africa's Future School of Business, Peace, Leadership and Governance Morals and Natural Resource Management ( PEP515 ) Teacher: Mrs. Bere Question: Utilizing a contextual investigation of your decision look at the qualities and shortcomings of state ecological offices in authorizing natural approaches Due Date: 2 April 2018 Presentation The exercises of people in their interest for advancement in each field of presence have affected on nature unfavorably contrary. The result of these exercises has prompted a decrease in the nature of the land, air and water of which the earth for the most part comprises of. The exercises of people contaminate nature and these contamination impact should be checked so as to forestall the devastation of the earth and Extinction of humankind from the substance of the earth. These human exercises, left unchecked, could likewise imperil the continuation of life earth. This should be possible through a compelling implementation of natural assurance laws (Dimowo, 2010). Be that as it may, these ecological assurance laws don't work autonomous of difficulties. Along these lines, the assurance and safeguarding of the earth is at this very moment saw as being vital to the eventual fate of humanity (Allison-Kulo, 2017) The current circumstance has made numerous associations, first goals to the pattern of law and change. Among a portion of the chief associations is the United Nations. The United Nations has the sole ownership rights to establish various enactments and shows intended to ensure the earth. In any case, the absence of requirement of these laws stands apart as the most major reason for the powerlessness of the enactments to secure the earth. In this manner, this paper looks to analyze the authorization of natural administrative laws with accentuation on Nigeria. It will likewise analyze the issue related with requirement with the end goal of making vital proposals that could eventually improve the assurance of nature. Ecological Law In the same way as other lawful terms, the expression natural law might be viewed as having a focal center of significance encompassed by what might be named as halfway shade of vulnerability (Blawell, 1961). Inside the center are to be discovered those laws which identifies with stronghold of common assets and people groups satisfaction of them. Characteristic assets incorporate air, land, water, fauna, and atmosphere . Simply outside the center of natural law, are laws intended to secure the personal satisfaction of specific gathering of individuals. These laws, for instance, identify with sanitation in staying. As indicated by (Blawell, 1961:95), such laws are all the more typically sorted as ecological wellbeing laws. Further still outside the center, yet inside the halfway shade are laws which secure the general public for the most part, for example, laws identifying with street traffic or vandalism (Thornton, 1996) . At the very edge of the darkness, are laws intended to ensure and increase individuals' business exercises, for example, those identifying with carriage of merchandise by street, rail, and ocean. These, in spite of the fact that not for the most part thought of in any sense as ecological law, can have significant effect on the assurance and happiness regarding the regular assets. Going with Thornton's, the best meaning of ecological law at that point is maybe one that is widely inclusive. Be that as it may, natural law has been characterized as including lawful methodologies and strategies planned to battle the contamination, misuse and disregard of air, earth, and water assets (Thornton, 1996) . Foundation Convictions behind Environmental Regulation As an association of law, natural law started as an assortment of decides that grew up at sporadic interims, as an arbitrary and a little at a time reaction to explicit ecological issues, yet has as of now pull off a specific level of consistency, as in it has an unmistakable and brought together sane establishment. The above articulation is additionally a genuine affirmation of the dynamic improvement of ecological law in Nigeria. Be that as it may, the hypothetical premise of natural law in Nigeria may not be effortlessly related. A portion of these hypotheses include: Human-centric Beliefs This view was proposed by an Australian rationalist John Passmore, who worked out a feeling of alert that man can't keep on living as predators on the biosphere and if contemporary human advancement is to endure, it must, in significant regard, change its direction (John, 1974) . This hypothesis sets that

Write Killer Articles For Killer Traffic

Write Killer Articles For Killer Traffic Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Write Killer Articles For Killer TrafficUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Praveen SivaramanTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozhN5L CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWell the title says it all, get killer articles for your Blog/site to get Traffic. I am not sure whether all of you would have heard about the Killer Articles but do not worry if you are not sure of the meaning. Killer articles are nothing but the big informative posts that you must come across in various Blogs/sites and of course in this blog also you can see.Killer articles are also called as Pillar articles or Linkbaits. These kinds of articles not only attract traffic but also give you natural backlinks.What are Killer Articles?Killer articles are getting popular in Today’s Web 2.0 world as these articles are giving the maximum information needed at a single place. You must have noticed some arti cles in the Blogs/sites which has the complete information needed for a particular topic. For example a post like “100 Cool Photoshop Tips” can really attract readers as the topic covers almost all the needed Tips in the Photoshop. What you will do when you see these kinds of articles? Of course you will read the whole thing with patience and with excitement.I would personally say that there is no need to post these kinds of articles daily as it is a tedious job as well. You can fix a day every week or once in 10 days to post these kinds of articles. All that you need to do is to research well on the topic that you want to post. Just spend one hour a day and after 10 days or so you can get a beautiful pillar article in your hand.READ20+ Easy Ways To Improve Your WordPress Blog SpeedMore Tips For Writing Effective Articles : Tips For Writing A Great Blog Post5 Solid Tips To Write A Better Blog Post3 Tips To Write Effective Web ContentHow can it drive traffic?Well, why not? What y ou will do if you see a nice creation? You would share it with all you know isn’t t? Same happens here as well. When a reader sees a useful share then he will automatically tweet or digg or stumble your killer article (Make sure you have all the buttons in your post). Well, you can also promote your site by bookmarking or by using any other techniques.How to expose Killer Articles?Killer Articles not only gives traffic but also loyal readers as well. So try to expose it to the maximum you can in the blog. Place the link for the Killer article below all the posts in your blog and add a link at the sidebars or header or footer as well. This can project your killer articles in every page of your site. Do not forget to promote your articles outside your blog as well by getting a link back for your post from other Blogs.Hope you all like the share!!Feel free to share your thoughts with us through the Comments Section!!

The Facts and History of Cinco de Mayo

Cinco de Mayo is probably one of the most celebrated and least understood holidays in the world.  What is the meaning behind it? How is it celebrated and what does it mean to Mexicans? There are many misconceptions about Cinco de Mayo and it is more than an excuse to have some nachos and a margarita or two. Its also not a celebration of Mexicos independence as many people think. It is an important day in Mexican history and the holiday has true meaning and importance. Lets get the facts straight about Cinco de Mayo. Cinco de Mayo Meaning and History Literally meaning The Fifth of May, Cinco de Mayo is a Mexican Holiday celebrating the Battle of Puebla, which took place on May 5, 1862. It was one of the few Mexican victories during Frances attempt to penetrate Mexico. Contrary to popular belief, this was not the first time that France attacked Mexico.  Back in 1838 and 1839, Mexico and France had fought what was known as  the Pastry War.  During that conflict, France invaded and occupied the city of Veracruz.   In 1861, France sent a massive army to invade Mexico once again. As was the case 20 years earlier, the intent was to collect on debts incurred during and after Mexicos war of independence from Spain. The French army was much larger and better trained and equipped than the Mexicans struggling to defend the road to Mexico City. It rolled through Mexico until it reached Puebla, where the Mexicans made a valiant stand. Against all logic, they won a huge victory. The triumph was short-lived, however. The French army regrouped and continued on, eventually taking Mexico City.   In 1864, the French brought in  Maximilian of Austria. The man who would become Emperor of Mexico was a young European nobleman who barely spoke Spanish. Maximilians heart was in the right place, but most Mexicans did not want him. In 1867, he was overthrown and executed by forces loyal to President Benito Juarez. Despite this turn of events, the euphoria of the unlikely victory at the Battle of Puebla against overwhelming odds is remembered every May 5th. Cinco de Mayo Led to a Dictator During the Battle of Puebla, a young officer named  Porfirio Diaz  distinguished himself. Diaz subsequently rose rapidly through the military ranks as an officer and then as a politician. He even aiding Juarez in the fight against Maximillian. In 1876, Diaz reached the presidency and did not leave until the  Mexican Revolution  kicked him out in 1911 after a  rule of 35 years.  Diaz remains one of the most important presidents in the history of Mexico, and he got his start on the original  Cinco de Mayo.   Isn’t It Mexico’s Independence Day?   Another common misconception is that Cinco de Mayo is Mexicos Independence Day. In actuality, Mexico celebrates its independence from Spain on September 16. It  is a very important holiday in the country and not to be confused with Cinco de Mayo. It was on September 16, 1810, that  Father Miguel Hidalgo took to his pulpit in the village church of the town of Dolores. He  invited his flock to take up arms and join him in overthrowing Spanish tyranny. This famous speech would be celebrated as the  Grito de Dolores, or The Cry of Dolores, from then on. How Big of  a Deal Is Cinco de Mayo? Cinco de Mayo is a big deal in Puebla, where the famous battle took place. However, it really isnt as important as most people think. Independence Day on September 16 has much more significance in Mexico. For some reason, Cinco de Mayo is celebrated more in the United States  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  by Mexicans and Americans alike  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  than it is in Mexico. There is one theory for why this is true. At one time, Cinco de Mayo was widely celebrated in all of Mexico and by Mexicans living in former Mexican territories, such as Texas and California. After a while, it was ignored in Mexico but the celebrations continued north of the border where people never got out of the habit of remembering the famous battle. Its interesting to note that the largest Cinco de Mayo party takes place in Los Angeles, California.  Every year, the people of Los Angeles celebrate â€Å"Festival de Fiesta Broadway† on May 5th (or on the closest Sunday). It’s a large, raucous party with parades, food, dancing, music, and more. Hundreds of thousands attend annually.  It’s even bigger than the festivities in Puebla. Cinco de Mayo Celebration In Puebla and in many U.S. cities with large Mexican populations, there are parades, dancing, and festivals. Traditional Mexican food is served or sold. Mariachi bands fill town squares and a lot of Dos Equis and Corona beers are served. It’s a fun holiday, really more about celebrating the Mexican way of life than about remembering a battle which happened over 150 years ago. It is sometimes referred to as a â€Å"Mexican St. Patrick’s Day.† In the U.S., schoolchildren do units on the holiday, decorate their classrooms, and try their hand at cooking some basic Mexican foods. All over the world, Mexican restaurants bring in Mariachi bands and offer specials for what’s almost certain to be a packed house.​ It’s easy to host a Cinco de Mayo party. Making basic Mexican food like salsa and burritos is not too complicated. Add some decorations and mix up a few margaritas and you’re good to go.

Massospondylus - Facts and Figures

Name: Massospondylus (Greek for large vertebrae); pronounced MASS-oh-SPON-dill-us Habitat: Woodlands of South Africa Historical Period: Early Jurassic (208-190 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 13 feet long and 300 pounds Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Large, five-fingered hands; long neck and tail About Massospondylus Massospondylus is a good example of the class of dinosaurs known as prosauropods--small-to-medium sized, small-brained herbivores of the early Jurassic period whose relatives later evolved into towering sauropods like Barosaurus and Brachiosaurus. In early 2012, Massospondylus made headlines thanks to the discovery in South Africa of preserved nesting grounds, containing fossilized eggs and embryos, dating to the early Jurassic period (about 190 million years ago) This plant-eater--which paleontologists believe stomped in stampede-sized numbers across the plains of early Jurassic South Africa--is also a case study in changing views of dinosaur behavior. For decades, it was widely believed that Massospondylus walked on all fours, only occasionally rearing up on its hind legs to reach vegetation. In the last few years, though, convincing evidence has come to light that Massospondylus was primarily bipedal, and faster (and more agile) than was previously believed. Because it was discovered so early in paleontological history--in 1854, by the famous naturalist Sir Richard Owen--Massospondylus has generated its share of confusion, as various fossil remains have been incorrectly assigned to this genus. For instance, this dinosaur has been identified (at one time or another) with such dubious and now-discarded names as Aristosaurus, Dromicosaurus, Gryponyx, Hortalotarsus, Leptospondylus, and Pachyspondylus.

Finance Mini Case - 1135 Words

a. Why is corporate finance important to all managers? The number one goal of managers is to increase the wealth of owners or shareholders. By understanding corporate finance, managers gain the skills they need to know what strategies or tools would be best for adding value to the organization. b. Describe the organizational forms a company might have as it evolves from a start-up to a major corporation. List the advantages and disadvantages of each form. Sole Proprietorship-Advantages: 1. Easily and Inexpensively Formed 2. Few government regulations 3. Not subject to corporate tax code Disadvantages: 1. Difficult to obtain large amounts of capital 2. Unlimited personal liability for the proprietor 3. The life of†¦show more content†¦j. What do we call the price that a borrower must pay for debt capital? The Interest Rate What is the price of equity capital? Dividends plus capital gains What are the four most fundamental factors that affect the cost of money, or the general level of interest rates, in the economy? 1. Production Opportunities 2. Time preferences 3. Risk 4. Expected Inflation k. What are some economic conditions (including international aspects) that affectthe cost of money? The cost of money can be influenced by federal policy, fiscal and foreign trade deficits and a specific country’s risk. l. What are financial securities? Describe some financial instruments. Financial securities are pieces of paper with contractual provisions that entitle their owners to specific rights and claims on specific cash flows or values. These may include T-Bills, negotiable CDs, Municipal Bonds, Corporate Bonds and preferred and common stocks. m. List some financial institutions. Credit Unions, pension funds, commercial banks, mutual savings, savings amp; loans, insurance companies n. What are some different types of markets? 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Marketing Management Ansoff Matrix

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Managementfor Ansoff Matrix. Answer: Introduction: Marketing strategies are rapidly changing now days. Nonprofit organization and commercial companies are also using marketing strategies now days for enhancing their market. Many theories are involved with marketing management like SWOT, BCG, product life cycle, GE matrix, Ansoff matrix, marketing mix etc. Marketing mix is one of the key elements of marketing management (Jain Haley, 2009). It is required to show that how all the elements of marketing mix affect the organizations development of tactics and marketing strategies. The organization of my choice is (Cravens Piercy, 2006). Marketing Mix Definition: Marketing mix is quite essential for every organization to understand the policies and internal and external environment. Basically, it is described as a set of tactics or actions a company uses for its brand promotion or product promotion in the market (Varadarajan, 2010). It is a business tool using by almost all the organizations existing in the market. It is often associated with 8 Ps of marketing mix- Product, price, promotion, distribution, partnership, people, process and physical evidence. Company Profile: McDonald is a firm of food and beverage industry that has an appeal globally. It is a food chain and has many outlets worldwide. It is enjoying the success since the time it has been entered into the market. McDonald entered into the Australian fast food industry in 1971 and from that time the organization is rapidly growing and currently it is the largest food chain in the Australia. The major competitor of the organization is heart tic and burger king. Still, the company is on the top with 50% market share. Organization is in maturity stage now and the pricing strategy used by organization is penetration. Marketing Mix of McDonald: Product: Product is a thing which is supplied by the company to its customers. Product can be tangible as well as intangible like car or a haircut. The main focus of decision is on functionality, branding and quality of product. Companies also focus on the other elements like packaging, support, safety, warranty, styling and other complementary services or accessories (Peter Donnelly, 2011). McDonald is providing food and beverage products mainly. The main product of the company is Burger. The packaging style, branding, taste etc of burger makes it competitive in the market. Many varieties of burger has been provided by the McDonald like: Classic Angus Aussie BBQ Angus Big Mac Cheeseburger Hamburger Southwest BLT Burger Spicy Jalapeno Grilled chicken burger Filet o fish Clubhouse Chicken It is mostly known for burgers. It is innovating its product continuously to attract more customers (McDonald, 2016). Company is taking care of Product life cycle of its burger and thats why it is introducing some innovation in its existing market to retain the customers and provide them the best quality product. So it is recommended to the company to make continuous improvement in the product to grab and attract more market share and customers. Price: A price of a product is the amount a company charge against its product or service. Determining the prices is quite complicated. As the price is just not set by the manufacturer instead it encompasses a set of decisions and research on price adjustment and price setting. Company can use different strategy for setting the price like skimming, penetration etc (Beracha Seiler, 2014). McDonald is using psychological pricing and price bundling strategy both for the burger. The pricing strategy of McDonalds burger is involving many prices bundling along with psychological pricing. In the strategy of price bundling, company offers its more tan 1productss in a discounted price. In the strategy of psychological pricing, McDonalds charges a price of burger which seems more affordable like $ .99. This pricing strategy of McDonald encourages its customer to buy more products (McDonald, 2016). So it is recommended to the company to implement competitive pricing strategy so that company can enhance the profitability of the product. Distribution: Distribution channels help the company to analyze that from where the customer can easily buy their product. The main decision of this element is to analyze that which distribution channel is good to distribute the products like direct selling, online store, retail store, and order through TV or phone. Another part of this strategy is to identify that how can the whole market be covered, how will the stock be managed in distribution centers, transportation and warehouses. The restaurants of are in the most well known places from where all the burgers are supplied or distributed. The main distribution places of this organization are as follows: Restaurant s mobile app Postmates app and websites Kiosks. Mostly all the restaurant of this food chain are established at the place from where company can generate more revenue. These restaurants also manage a kiosk to sell burgers in some events. Customers can also place their order through the mobile app or postmates websites. Moreover, the app of the organization offers special deals to its users. McDonald is using penetration strategy to attract the customer more (McDonald, 2016). It is also recommended to the company to focus on lower segment too. Promotion: This is the main element of marketing mix which is mostly used by all the companies. Promotion is known as different marketing communication styles including public relations, publicity, sales promotions and advertising (Payne, Galantine Christopher, 2005). This includes the overall promotion strategy like technology, marketing, consumer pull etc. company determine the best promotional strategy according to their budget and location. McDonald is using many kind of promotional strategy to attract more customers for its key product i.e. burger. Following tactics are using by McDonald to promote its business: Sales promotions Direct selling Public relations Advertising Advertisements of this organization are most notable. Company uses radio, TV, online media, print media etc for its advertisement and promotes the burger. It is using sales promotion tactic for drawing more customer to its doorstep. The public relation strategy of this organization also helps in promoting the business to the target market. Occasionally, this company uses direct selling for local government, community events, corporate or parties. In this element, the main approach for the organization to promote its business is advertising (McDonald, 2016). Company is using the best of promotional strategy. Company just need to focus on its competitive promotional strategy too. Partnership: This element of marketing mix describes that partners are important for the business and for expanding the business like a company can tie up with another company situated at different place to expand the market and grab the opportunities. Basically, government agencies work as partners. It maintains the good relationship and partnership with its supplier, stakeholders and government. Company recently enjoyed 10 years of the partnership with its partners. This helps the company to expand its business and grab the more market with competitive advantages and sustainability development (McDonald, 2016). Company must also deal with some small and famous companies to grab the other countrys market too. People: People play a vital role in marketing mix. People include all the back office, front line, customer service staff and other people of company who have a link or contact with clients. The main part of this element is to train the staff well so that they can provide the best services to customers (Lovelock Wirtz, 2010). This helps an organization to develop the strong customer oriented culture. McDonald is having a large number of people as employees, management staff, consumers etc. It is using the best tactics and strategies to retain them, make the loyal etc. The culture of McDonald is impressive as employee set over there very easily and adopts the culture rapidly. Customer services of McDonald are quite competitive as employees are provided training for it (McDonald, 2016). Company is suggested to use the best of trainings for its employees as the goodwill of the company totally depends upon them. Process: It is the method through which services are provided to customers. It is particularly important for the service industry. This is used by the company to provide a comparable service in the industry. So that company can ensure its client about the quality of its services (Kumar Phrommathed, 2005). Manufacturing process and channels of distribution of McDonald is impressive as it focuses on hygiene while manufacturing its product and the warehouses and transport of McDonald is built according to its product. So the product can reach to its customer without any harm. Fresh product availability is a main focus of McDonald (McDonald, 2016). Process of the company is quite fair. It is just needed to make it more transparent. Physical Evidence: It is another essential element of marketing mix and service industry. Services can not have any tangible outcome. Once they delivered, client cannot change them like product. So a service providing company needs to provide some physical evidence to clients to make sure them about the quality of service (Wilson, Zeithaml, Bitner Gremler, 2012). For the physical evidence of McDonald its logo is enough. People can perceive about it by its logo. Through the logo they can easily identify that this product is belonging to the McDonald and the taste of its products are just amazing that not any other company in food and beverage industry is providing the same taste (McDonald, 2016). Company needed to carry this strategy for long period. Evaluation: Marketing strategies: For expanding the market and increase the customer level, McDonald is implementing many strategies. Some of them are as follows: On Every hand Everywhere: It is the market leader in fast food industry at Australia. Their sales person plays a key role in success. They conduct many surveys on regular basis to understand the requirement and choice of consumer. McDonald is providing its burger not only in big malls but in small area also, so that every consumer can easily buy and have the burgers of McDonald (Elliot Larry, 2011). Growing up with Emerging Markets: A companys revenue grows up with emerging market. Company modifies its burger continuously to fulfill the requirement of customers of all the segments. This strategy helps the McDonald to achieve the growth of 20% from last 3 years (Kotler Keller, 2009). Growing with the Market: Attract and grab the consumer worldwide is the main aim of McDonald. For this, it has created a great range of burger at a reasonable and affordable price. McDonald also introduced a range of Vegan and non vegan burger. (Laforet Saunders, 2005). Affordable Luxury: McDonald launched various burger for increase its presence in market. This strategy is adopted by McDonald for grabbing the middle level class also as company is providing the burger in affordable price. Hence, people can afford it and it helps the company to increase its turnover (Laforet Saunders, 2005). Competition: The main competitor of McDonald in fast food industry is heart tic and burger king. In the case competitor of McDonalds burger, there is mainly burger kings burger. The market share of this company is still expanding. It has launched many innovative product lines of beverage and meal to enhance its market and capture more people (Chaffey, Ellis-Chadwick, Mayer Johnston, 2009). Company has launched various burgers to attract more customers and provide new taste to existing loyal customers. It is continuously launching new products to beat the strategy of its existing competitors and grab the market more. The main competitive advantage f this company is its international existence as people from worldwide like the taste of its burger. Contemporary Issues: McDonald is facing many contemporary issues in reference with society, technology, media, environment etc. These all factors are affecting the McDonald marketing strategy too as it negatively impact on the customer and thus customer dont buy the products of McDonald (McDonald Wilson, 2011). Society is affecting the McDonald and its strategy badly as many families, religions, ethnicity dont allow the person to buy the food from outside and have junk foods. The physical status, economical status, education, children, life partner etc of a person also impacts on the McDonald. McDonald is using old technologies for marketing its product. McDonald is still using the old school tactics for it which is not as much powerful as much it would be earlier. The environment plays a crucial role as the environment and the surrounding of a person decides that he will buy the products from McDonald outlet or not. Media too affect the marketing of McDonald as sometimes the bad news and bad publicity damages the image of store worldwide. Thus all of these factors are affecting and making the issues for McDonald and because of it, the company has to face many problems. Company must plan and implement its strategy while keeping all these factors in the mind. Recommendations: It is recommended to the McDonald that company must work more on its pricing strategy. So that, company can make a control on its prices and can step into the market with competitive price and can enhance the profitability ratio also (Goi, 2009). It is also recommended to the company to focus on its marketing mix. Price of its burger must be competitive so that it can easily grab the market. It must launch new products in the market with new specification as well as modify the existing products according to the customer demand and market requirement (Kazemi Esmaeili, 2010). Company must use the best strategy for its promotions and chose the promotion technique according to the geographical location, so that it could aware people about its new products as well as existing products (Laforet Saunders, 2007). Distribution technique of McDonald is quite competitive still there are some lose points which should be modified by the company to enhance the channels. The company must also focus on the external factors like environment, social and psychological factors, media etc as all of these impacts negatively on the organization sometimes (Madhavaram, Badrinarayanan McDonald, 2005). Company must plan its strategy while keeping all these factors in mind so that company needs not to face any issue in near future. It has great partners which help the organization in expanding as well as grabbing the market. Company need to enhance the relationship more with partners to retain them. People at McDonald must be trained well according to their department and job profile, so they can work with full of their efficiency and effectively (Patwardhan, Flora Gupta, 2010). Process of McDonald from buying the raw material to sell the products to the end consumer must be transparent, so that consumer can build their trust in the organization (McDonald Oates, 2006). Physical evidence is mostly related with service industry; still McDonald must aware and ensure its customer that they are providing the same product, they have said. Marketing strategy of McDonald is quite competitive as it analyzes the market and competitors before planning its strategy and make strategy according to that. But the company must make a strategy for sustainability also as the competitor of the company are focusing more on sustainability and thus they are attracting more customer towards them as people became more aware about the environment and society (Sharma Narwal, 2006). Conclusion: After doing the case study on McDonalds burger and going through many books, articles etc it can be concluded that McDonalds burger is doing very well in the market. It has established its name very well in the fast food industry worldwide and it is having a great amount of market share of its different products lines specially the burger. It must focus on new strategy for enhancing its market more and must focus on the sustainability for attracting the more customers. It has to invest in innovation in technology and factor productivity instead of spending a great amount on advertising and marketing its products like burger is already a market leader. It must also make some strategies to pull and attract the old consumer towards it. References: Beracha, E., Seiler, M. J. (2014). The effect of listing price strategy on transaction selling prices.The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics,49(2), 237-255. Cravens, D. W., Piercy, N. (2006).Strategic marketing(Vol. 7). New York: McGraw-Hill. Elliot, R Larry P (2011), Strategic Brand Management, Oxford University press, Oxford. Jain, S. C., Haley, G. T. (2009).Marketing planning and strategy. Cincinnati South-Western Publishing Company 1985. Kazemi, F., Esmaeili, M. (2010). The Role of Media on Consumer Brand Choice A Case Study of fast food Industry.International Journal of Business and Management,5(9), 147. Kotler, P keller, K (2009). Marketing Management, Pearson, Singapore. Kumar, S., Phrommathed, P. (2005).Research methodology(pp. 43-50). Springer US. Laforet, S., Saunders, J. (2005). Managing brand portfolios: How strategies have changed.Journal of Advertising Research,45(03), 314-327. Laforet, S., Saunders, J. (2005). Managing brand portfolios: How strategies have changed.Journal of Advertising Research,45(03), 314-327. Laforet, S., Saunders, J. (2007). How brand portfolios have changed: a study of grocery suppliers brands from 1994 to 2004.Journal of Marketing Management,23(1-2), 39-58. Lovelock, C., Wirtz, J. (2010). Services marketing: People, technology, strategy.Journal. Payne, A., Ballantyne, D., Christopher, M. (2005). A stakeholder approach to relationship marketing strategy: The development and use of the six markets model.European Journal of Marketing,39(7/8), 855-871. Peter, J. P., Donnelly, J. H. (2011). Marketing management: knowledge and skills: text, analysis, cases, plans. Sharma, T., Narwal, M. (2006). Managing business crises: the CSR perspective.Social Responsibility Journal,2(2), 124-130. Varadarajan, R. (2010). Strategic marketing and marketing strategy: domain, definition, fundamental issues and foundational premises.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,38(2), 119-140. Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., Gremler, D. D. (2012).Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm. McGraw Hill. Dominici, G. (2009). From marketing mix to e-marketing mix: a literature overview and classification.International Journal of Business and Management,4(9), 17-24. Goi, C. L. (2009). A review of marketing mix: 4Ps or more?International Journal of Marketing Studies,1(1), 2. Rahmani, K., Emamisaleh, K., Yadegari, R. (2015). Quality Function Deployment and New Product Development with a focus on Marketing Mix 4P model.Asian Journal of Research in Marketing,4(2), 98-108. McDonald. (2016). Home. Retrieved on 7th Jan 2016 at https://s.com.au/. McDonald, M., Wilson, H. (2011).Marketing plans: How to prepare them, how to use them. John Wiley Sons. Madhavaram, S., Badrinarayanan, V., McDonald, R. E. (2005). Integrated marketing communication (IMC) and brand identity as critical components of brand equity strategy: A conceptual framework and research propositions.Journal of Advertising,34(4), 69-80. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Mayer, R., Johnston, K. (2009).Internet marketing: strategy, implementation and practice. Pearson Education. McDonald, S., Oates, C. J. (2006). Sustainability: Consumer perceptions and marketing strategies.Business Strategy and the Environment,15(3), 157-170.

12 Angry Men Juror #8 Is The Most Important Juror Essays

12 Angry Men: Juror #8 is the Most Important Juror Juror #8 was the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men for a number of reasons. The first reason is that when all the other jurors voted guilty without even thinking about their decisions, Juror #8 suggested that they talk about it before jumping to conclusions. Even when some of the other jurors got mad and started yelling at him, he stayed calm and tried to work things out in a mature fashion. The second reason is that he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was an important step because it paved the way for the other jurors to change their minds also. The third reason is Juror #8 re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that when all the other jurors quickly voted guilty, without discussing it first, he suggested that they talk about it for a little bit. When asked if he thought the boy was guilty or not guilty, he said, I dont know. This shows that he hadnt decided one way or the other. When asked why he voted this way, he replied, Its not easy for me to raise my hand and send a boy off to die without talking about it first. This shows that he wanted to talk things over with the other jurors before he makes a decision. Later on he said, I just want to talk for a while. This is more proof that he wanted to discuss the issue. The second reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is because he convinced Juror #9 to change his vote to not guilty. This was important because if no one changed his or her decision in the second vote, Juror #8 said he would change his vote to not guilty. However, Juror #9 did change his vote giving Juror #8 more time to talk about the case. Juror #9 said, He gambled for support and I gave it to him. I want to hear more. By convincing one person to change their vote, it forced everybody to listen to more arguments, and possibly change their thinking on the case. The third reason Juror #8 was the most important juror is that he re-enacted scenes from the night of the murder in order to prove his points. The first time Juror #8 re-enacted a scene was when he proves that the old man could not have walked from his bedroom to the hallway in fifteen seconds. He did this by measuring how far his bedroom was from he hallway, and then walking it himself. It took him thirty-one seconds, making it impossible for the old man to have made it in fifteen. By doing this re-enactment, he changed the minds of several other jurors. With the points I have given, Juror #8 is the most important juror. Not only did he do what he felt was the right thing to do, but he also may have saved a boys life. For these reasons Juror #8 is the most important juror in the play Twelve Angry Men. Bibliography English Literature Book

Words to Describe the Highest Point of Achievement

Words to Describe the Highest Point of Achievement Words to Describe the Highest Point of Achievement Words to Describe the Highest Point of Achievement By Mark Nichol How does one express the greatest degree of success? Multiple optimal words are available to choose from. Several terms refer literally to mountaintops. Peak, perhaps an alteration of pike, meaning â€Å"a short point or spike,† refers figuratively to a high point one has reached among other achievements, just as a mountain peak is often one among many. Pinnacle derives from the Latin term pinna, meaning â€Å"battlement† or â€Å"wing†; the figurative sense can connote an unsteady height one reaches by sudden success. Summit, ultimately from the Latin term summus, meaning â€Å"highest† (and related to sum and summary), suggests the highest possible position; in addition, to summit, in mountain climbing, is to reach a mountain peak, and a summit is a meeting or conference involving government leaders. The Greek term akme means point,† and acme has acquired the connotation of perfection. Apex, a Latin word for the tip of an ancient Roman priest’s cap, came by association to refer to mountaintops, similar-looking architectural features, and figurative high points. Climax, from the Greek word klimax, meaning â€Å"ladder,† denotes the high point in a series of events, whether in a work of fiction or in one’s lifetime. Culmination, from the Latin verb culminare, meaning â€Å"crown† (related to the Latin word from which column is derived), implies that one has achieved a high point as a result of a series of preceding accomplishments. Zenith, like its antonym nadir, is from Arabic; the word it stems from means â€Å"road or path† and is an abbreviation of a phrase meaning â€Å"the way over the head.† Zenith is still used in an astronomical sense to refer to the highest point overhead, and figuratively, it describes a high point of achievement. Another term borrowed from astronomy is apogee, ultimately from the Greek term apogaios, meaning â€Å"far away from the earth†; it refers an orbiting object’s farthest distance from the object’s origin but also pertains terrestrially to the highest point reached. A high point is also described as a capstone, from an architectural term for the highest stone in an arch. Other terms include crown, as used in adjectival form in the phrase â€Å"crowning achievement,† and the phrase â€Å"high-water mark,† a reference to the highest level a body of water reaches during high tide or a flood. One can also refer to the crest of one’s career or fame; crest derives from the Latin term crista and has the literal senses of a ridge or top, or a plume or tuft of feathers or hair. Optimum, adopted directly from Latin, is a noun as well as an adjective, but it refers to the greatest degree attainable or most favorable conditions and does not apply, for example, to achievements. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid25 Russian Words Used in English (and 25 More That Should Be)How Do You Pronounce "Mozart"?

Dimensions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dimensions - Essay Example Furthermore, he categorizes people as monochromic or polychromic people. Monochromic people denote individuals who do one thing before another and are often not easily distractible when doing something. In addition, they are committed to work and respect deadlines. Polychromic people Finally, Hall talks about proxemics in the cultural dimensions. He insists that there exists a public space, personal space, social space, and intimate space which everyone has to aware and watch them so that one can know when to and when not to intrude ones space. Choose one or more of the cultural dimensions discussed in this week’s lecture and your reading so far (i.e., Hall, Hofstede, Trompenaars, House, Schwartz, etc.), and reflect on where you think you would place on that dimension’s continuum, and how that might impact your behaviour and attitudes working in a multicultural team where some members are quite different on that

Current Remote Sensing Techniques Research Paper

Current Remote Sensing Techniques - Research Paper Example There are two major forms of remote sensing. They are: Passive remote sensing. Active remote sensing. Passive remote sensing involves detection of natural radiation that is reflected or emitted by the surrounding areas or the object. Passive remote sensors’ examples are radiometers and film photography. Active remote sensing on the other hand, involves a process of emitting energy that is to be used in scanning objects where a sensor detects and takes the measure of the radiation reflected from the target the examples of this active sensor collection are LiDAR and RADAR. Geography refers to the science that learns more about land, features, inhabitants and generally the phenomena of the globe. Remote sensing in geography therefore, refers to the process of gathering information about a place including the features in it, without necessarily visiting the place in person. This collection technique is done from a distance. In this equipment that is used for gathering information are mainly the cameras which can be based on aircrafts, satellites or on the ground. In the modern society, information obtained is stored up and manipulated in computers. Computers work with software therefore, the software used in remote sensing is ESRI, ERMapper, MapInfo and ERDAS Imagine. Remote sensing is a procedure which must follow certain steps. The steps involved in this process are: A supply of electromagnetic rays. Conduction of energy from the resource to the earth’s surface through the atmosphere Contact of EMR with the surface of the earth. Conduction of power from surface to Remote Sensor build up on a display place, through the atmosphere. Detection of power by the sensor. Conduction of sensor information to ground location Processing and scrutiny of the sensor information Final information output for a range of applications Remote sensing in geography started way back in the year 1858 where photographs were taken aerially from a hot air balloon. This was ini tiated by Tournachon Gaspard-Felix where he took photographs of Paris. Since then, remote sensing has developed and an example where it was performed after the initiation was in the United States of America. It was undertaken during the civil war where kites, unmanned balloons and messenger pigeons containing cameras were flown over areas where the enemies dwelled. This essay will specifically discuss about remote sensing in geography. This means that information contained therein will be on processes used to gather information on phenomenon and various features of the earth. In the modern society, remote sensing has become part of daily activities as it is highly used to gather information on geographical trends. Most of the organizations in the contemporary society take the initiative to learn more about geographical trends and get to know more about the environment generally. For these organizations to make effective research and gather enough information on phenomena, they have to use lots of cash on this field. This is one among many fields that is considered to be important in current years. The reasons as to why this field is considered important include: 1. Many individuals especially, students, researchers and other common citizens have developed interest in learning more about the environment. In this case, talking about the environ

Assessing Infants and Toddlers Essay Example for Free

Assessing Infants and Toddlers Essay Assessing infants and toddlers is commonly used to determine if children are meeting their developmental milestones or if they are showing any signs of developmental delays or disabilities. Many types of standardized tests are available for use with infants and young children; all are psychological tests, whether they measure abilities, achievements, aptitudes, interests, attitudes, values, or personality characteristics (Wortham, How Standardized Test Are Used with Infants and Young Children, 2012). There are many types of assessments and the key is using the proper one to answer the questions you need, assessment that involves observation of the child, interviews with parents and caregivers, developmental and social history, and interaction with the child using game-like materials, toys, questionnaires, and tasks (Logsdon, 2012). Teachers should be asking what methods should be used, which one should a teacher select from the children they are teaching, and how will the information be obtained? In this paper I will explore these questions and how that effects the ever fast changing pace of early childhood education. A developmental assessment is a process designed to deepen understanding of a childs competencies and resources, and of the caregiving and learning environments most likely to help a child make fullest use of his or her developmental potential, according to New Visions (Tips for Surviving Child Development Assessment, 2012). As a teacher you will consider why you should engage in assessment. For some programs it is part of their policies and procedures, for some it is state mandated, and for others it may be federally mandated. For some teachers the choice is theirs and they choose to for the best interest of the child. Through assessment the teacher can determine where the child is in development, show progress through ongoing assessment and have information to share with the child’s parents. The main reason for assessment is to pinpoint any disabilities or developmental delays, to assess the child’s school readiness, to assist the teacher in planning their curriculum and lesson plans program, to provide feedback to parents and being able to show the effectiveness of the program. The first thing is choose the type of assessment that is appropriate for the children that you engage with daily. There are two types of assessments: formal and informal assessments. With formal assessments the teacher is comparing the child against developmental norms or to other children. Informal assessments are observations that can be obtained through observation in a methodical way and is usually not compared to others. The majority of standardized tests that are in use today are designed to be administered and interpreted by trained professionals. Most programs use a combination of assessments when gathering information about the children they work with each day. The benefit of standardized tests is that the results can be compared to another child or children finding the common factors of developmental norms. A norm is an average result in a group of sample children within that age group or classroom. The second advantage is can be the ability to predict validity of the tests. Children whom do well on these assessments tend to do well in assessments as the move into the school readiness in Kindergarten. A common test used for preschoolers include the Battelle (Logsdon, 2012). There are disadvantages when using standardized test as well and one of the major ones is how the data will be interpreted that is obtained. The results from the teachers and administrators must be considered and compared to similar children in similar circumstances. The comparison is not easy to achieve, for example the cultural bias of early developmental tests. Also the predictive validity of standardized tests can be a disadvantage for their ability to forecast the future achievement in kindergarten. There are other formal test that are being explored that can measure what is developmentally appropriate within their focus and approach. Standardized tests have information regarding their validity and reliability that can give the teachers a way to evaluate if the test is appropriate and if it is being used for its intended use. The reliability information should be able to produce the same result when measuring the same thing with different groups of children. This will help the teacher to be able to determine information that will be obtained. It should be considered when using formal test that they should be used with trained professionals, although they are available for purchase openly they should not be used without training and experience. When using formal test they should be given in a controlled environment for the results to be valid. Even when the test are given properly the results can be interpreted inconsistently and the norms not valid. For example the test could be for both boys and girls but could end up being used with a majority of one or the other or compared to just one variable due to the majority of whom is taking the tests. If that was confusing to you as it was to me then can you imagine the results you will get. When using informal methods to assess children the test as more teacher derived and the tools used are usually checklist, engagement and interaction and open-ended questions. Many teachers already use anecdotal records, a strategy that records actions of the children, in which short episodes of a child’s behavior are recorded and kept for comparing change in behavior over time, in the child’s portfolio and used when meeting with parents for a conference. One of the main reasons for this method is ease of use. Anecdotes can be recorded in virtually any environment at any time throughout the day with limited materials needed. Other informal methods used in classrooms today are time sample, checklists, rating scales, interviews, and videotape or audiotape recordings. The teacher should include the following five key things when using anecdotes: frequency of the behavior, duration of the behavior, notes describing when and where the observation took place, and the date and time. Another form is the child’s portfolio which is any variety of works thought to be representative of the individual. With young children, this usually includes drawings and writings, photographs and stories dictated to an adult. A portfolio can also include information about the child contributed by teachers, and other professionals. A portfolio can be used as a springboard for reflection with children themselves, parents, or other professionals. Discussions with children around a portfolio could reflect on what the child drew (â€Å"tell me more about,†). With parents and professionals the portfolio offers a variety of information about the child, in which they can use as a springboard for discussion at parent conferences. The problem with this type of assessment it can leave the parents confused with the information that comes from it and how it related to their child. When a teacher is choosing which method to use they have to consider what purpose will it serve? The teacher should ask themselves why is this information needed, what is the purpose, and what information will be helpful for the teacher, child and parent, when and how will this information be obtained and how am I as the teacher going to ensure that the information gather is accurate and valid? Also, if this method is choose is it appropriate for the children I work with? Two things that I feel the teacher should ask themselves are: is this age and developmentally appropriate for the children I work with and is relevant to the background and daily circumstances of the child that I work with? When considering the choices you must also consider am I as the teacher able to administer this test properly. When considering this I must consider the how the test will observe a child and how will this be done without pre-formed ideas about outcome. When we are able to be objective then the teacher reports only the facts, and then interpret those facts by what is observed, rather than feelings or attitudes about the child. In today’s society more and more teachers are moving away from traditional methods of assessments and moving towards methods that are relying instead on techniques thought to be more holistic and developmentally appropriate. This could include innovative approaches that observe more on behavior that happens in natural settings and assessments that reflect the complete set of circumstances surrounding the child. While conducting an assessment the teacher should make every effort to use the information in ways that are respectful of the child. In any case the teacher must remember to pay attention to issues such as consent and always remaining confidential. Confidentiality means that it will only be discussed in professional settings, and the information will conceal identities and results are revealed only to the intended audience. Consent means that the teacher obtained the permission from the parent to observe, evaluate and assessed a child. A lot of times parents give such consent at the time of the program enrollment if they sign a form indicating that they realize such activities will be occurring. Otherwise, you should always obtain permission prior to engaging in ongoing assessment projects, even if informal measures are being used. One practice to avoid is the temptation to label children based on assessment results, such as â€Å"this child is special† or â€Å"this child is challenged.† Children placed in these categories very early on have difficulty overcoming them later. In the 21st century, assessment practices are likely to become more holistic and innovative in their approach. For example, we are beginning to hear more of the term â€Å"authentic assessment.† Authentic assessments are when the environment is taken into account surrounding the evaluation of individual children. Another term being used more today is â€Å"performance-based assessment.† Performance-based assessment is when the teacher is focusing on the daily activities and skills already being performed in the classroom setting. Family involvement in assessment, such as parent reports and observations or even them being present, has not been really considered in mainstream early childhood settings. These strategies will gain popularity in the coming years. Although assessment holds great potential to help caregivers understand the children they care for, it can be challenging to assess infants and toddlers, especially if one views assessment as a one-on-one testing interaction (Ditchtelmiller, 2012). In the past assessments have been more of what the child cannot do and today they are becoming more of what the child can do now and has accomplished. This approach to assessment will benefit the child as an individual and abilities rather than disabilities. As a teacher, such approaches will help us maintain positive attitudes concerning the child development. Besides identifying and correcting developmental problems, assessment of very young children is conducted for other purposes. One purpose is research. Researchers study young children to better understand their behavior or to measure the appropriateness of the experiences that are provided for them (Wortham, Assesment in Early Childhood Education (6th Edition), 2012). â€Å"Teachers and child-care providers want children to feel a sense of accomplishment while in their care. The more a child-care provider knows about a childs academic, social, and emotional development, the more theyre able to meet the childs needs. Teachers and child care providers may use this resource for developing strategies to track a childs progress† (Checking Childrens Progress, 2012). We know that rather the assessment is formal or informal early childhood professionals are going to perform them. Through assessment we can screen for disabilities, assess kindergarten readiness, help the teacher developing curriculum and lesson plans, evaluate the effectiveness of a program, and aide the teachers when conferencing with the parents. Both parents and teachers want to know that their child is obtaining goals, showing progress and gaining new skills and what other way to know this other than assessment. References Checking Childrens Progress. (2012, April 25). Retrieved September 26, 2012, from Head Start ECLKC: eclkc.ohs.acf.hhs.gov/hslc/tta- system/teachingllecd/assessment/ongoing%20assessment/edudev_art_00409_060906.html Tips for Surviving Child Development Assessment. (2012). Retrieved September 26, 2012, from Zero to Three : www.zerotothree.org/child-development/mental-health-screening- assessment/tips-for-surviving-child-development-assessment.html Ditchtelmiller, M. L. (2012). One Programs Experience. Retrieved September 27, 2012, from Infant/Toddler Assessment: www.naeyc.org/files/yc/file/200401/ditchtel.pdf Logsdon, A. (2012). Infant and Toddler Development Tests Learning Disabilities. Retrieved September 26, 2012, from Testing for Infant and Toddler Development: http://learningdisabilities.acout.com/od/intelligencetests/p/battelledevelop.html Wortham, S. (2012). Assesment in Early Childhood Education (6th Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson. Wortham, S. (2012). How Standardized Test Are Used with Infants and Young Children. Retrieved September 27, 2012, from Education.com: http://www.education.com/prints/standardized-tests-infants-children/

Facts and Innovation of Education in China Essay -- Education Chinese

Facts and Innovation of Education in China I lived in a city and had a standard high school student life as others. I got up at 7:00 in the morning and tried not to be late for the morning class which is half an hour later. Then I had 9 classes till 5:00 in the afternoon, during which I could eat my one-hour-long lunch. Even at night and on weekends, I had to deal with tons of homework and tests, or locked myself in the classroom. It sounds crazy to have only one day per week free without classes or to stay at school more than at home, but millions of Chinese students are experiencing both situations. One research reveals that nearly 7 out of 10 students in Beijing have to attend classes during winter breaks. Another says that 67% of high school students have less than 7 hours sleep per day and about 42% students have less than half an hour free time per day. Half of them have no free time at all. For most high students in China, all the hard work aims at one thing, and the thing is called the National College Entrance Examination. In fact, it’s an exam which lasts 2 or 3 days depending individually on provinces, takes place nationally and synchronously, and the final score of the exam determines which college a student may get in. Although students fill out forms indicating several colleges they would like to apply to, the fact is they merely have one chance basically, which is the first choice. And once a student fails to get in his first choice, his chances of getting into other colleges are enormously decreased because the spaces have been filled already. Mostly, the Entrance Examination is the only way a college evaluates and admits a student. And in China, a good college degree more or less guarantees a promisi... ...a crushing fairer education environment. Work Cited: Jiajie Li, â€Å"Yang Zhenning jiaoshou bijiao zhongmei jiaoyu† (Prof. Zhenning Yang compares education between China and the US), Guangming Daily, June 18, 2004. Maolin Ye, â€Å"Dui Zhongguo fazhan mingban jiaoyu de sikao† (Thoughts about developing private schools in China); available from http://edu.tom.com/1050/20031030-1455.html; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004. Chenxin Zhou, Peng Jiang, â€Å"Zhongguo shisheng pubian renwei gaozhong kecheng guoduo guonan† (Students and teachers consider high schoolwork load too much and too hard); available from http://www.wendu.com/Training/11611.html; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004. Guangcheng Liang, â€Å"Jiaoyu buneng mangmu xihua† (Do not westernize education blindly); available from http://maths.guangztr.edu.cn/kcgg/bnmmxh.htm; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004. Facts and Innovation of Education in China Essay -- Education Chinese Facts and Innovation of Education in China I lived in a city and had a standard high school student life as others. I got up at 7:00 in the morning and tried not to be late for the morning class which is half an hour later. Then I had 9 classes till 5:00 in the afternoon, during which I could eat my one-hour-long lunch. Even at night and on weekends, I had to deal with tons of homework and tests, or locked myself in the classroom. It sounds crazy to have only one day per week free without classes or to stay at school more than at home, but millions of Chinese students are experiencing both situations. One research reveals that nearly 7 out of 10 students in Beijing have to attend classes during winter breaks. Another says that 67% of high school students have less than 7 hours sleep per day and about 42% students have less than half an hour free time per day. Half of them have no free time at all. For most high students in China, all the hard work aims at one thing, and the thing is called the National College Entrance Examination. In fact, it’s an exam which lasts 2 or 3 days depending individually on provinces, takes place nationally and synchronously, and the final score of the exam determines which college a student may get in. Although students fill out forms indicating several colleges they would like to apply to, the fact is they merely have one chance basically, which is the first choice. And once a student fails to get in his first choice, his chances of getting into other colleges are enormously decreased because the spaces have been filled already. Mostly, the Entrance Examination is the only way a college evaluates and admits a student. And in China, a good college degree more or less guarantees a promisi... ...a crushing fairer education environment. Work Cited: Jiajie Li, â€Å"Yang Zhenning jiaoshou bijiao zhongmei jiaoyu† (Prof. Zhenning Yang compares education between China and the US), Guangming Daily, June 18, 2004. Maolin Ye, â€Å"Dui Zhongguo fazhan mingban jiaoyu de sikao† (Thoughts about developing private schools in China); available from http://edu.tom.com/1050/20031030-1455.html; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004. Chenxin Zhou, Peng Jiang, â€Å"Zhongguo shisheng pubian renwei gaozhong kecheng guoduo guonan† (Students and teachers consider high schoolwork load too much and too hard); available from http://www.wendu.com/Training/11611.html; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004. Guangcheng Liang, â€Å"Jiaoyu buneng mangmu xihua† (Do not westernize education blindly); available from http://maths.guangztr.edu.cn/kcgg/bnmmxh.htm; Internet; accessed December 1, 2004.

Beano?S Cafe

OMPANyCaSe Beano's Cale: n Egyptian Flavor COMPANY ~car†lO'S BACKGROUND Cafe, one of the most successful and popular cafe chains in =~ypt. has branches throughout the country, including locations in ::† ro. Alexandria, and Giza. At Beano's, customers can enjoy excele- quality coffees, soft drinks, shakes, and infusion drinks, as † as a wide variety of sandwiches, hot meals, and desserts. Beano's Cafes aim is to offer its customers a convenient, relax-9 place where they can purchase food and beverages of a high :uality at an affordable price.The cates have a distinctive layout ,,†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœd style which is achieved through a combination of contempo? ry design and warm colors that give them a pleasant atmosphere. –e cafes environment is characterized by simplicity, elegance, : eanliness, and a modern design. It is known as a place where ung people can gather and where people can enjoy an afford::0 e outing, listen to the latest musie, and use wireless Intern et. Cafe, and from other smali, local cafes. Despite these concerns in 2000, Beano's opened its first cafe in Egypt, introducing new coffee products such as cappuccino and espresso to the Arabie market.Beano's wanted to increase its market share and target a new segment-senior citizens-along wit h maintaining and/or increasing its appeal to the youth segment, which represents the majority of its customers. The senior citizens represented the higher socio-economic class; however, Beano's discovered that young clients represented up to 70 percent of their daily clients. Beano's Cafes higher management wanted to retain its satisfied clients while also increasing its share of the customer base. They therefore put together a new marketing strategy.REVISING THE MARKETING STRATEGY EY MARKET –e creators of the Beano's Cafe Group had wanted to open a -ew coffee shop in Egypt for a long time but they saw problems .. ,entering the Egyptian market. They believed that the Egyptian oopulat ion would not be keen on coffee made from unfamiliar, -ew ingredients. The Egyptian market was locally driven toward ::Jr ental cates, Turkish coffee, and shisha (water pipe); thus, 3eano's' marketing strategy was to introduce the Egyptian consurner to a new cafe experience.There was also fierce competi: on from other coffee shops, including Cilantro Cafe and Costa Beano's Cafe's management team knew through customer surveys carried out in their chains that 60 percent of their customers keep coming back because of staff friendliness, 20 percent because of the quality of the service, and 20 percent because of the overall atmosphere at Beano's Cafe. The cafs's new marketing strategy was divided into three parts: The first was 13 percent value (offering more for the same price). he second part was 17 percent quality (offering an affordable, quality cate experience, and improving the taste of the coffee), and the final part was 67 percent service (improving the face-to-face interaction with customers inside the cafe). Beano's placed the greatest emphasis on improving the level of customer service in its cafes. The company did this in a number of ways. First, management decided to speed up the serving process by allocating one minute for taking orders, seven minutes to make the order, and a final one minute 244 Part Three IDesigning a Customer-Driven Strategy and Mix modern cates were established in the Egyptian market; the focus was more on the local â€Å"kahwa† (Turkish/Arabic coffee), tea, and shisha. Beano's Cafe positioned itself as an affordable, modern cafe with a lively, entertaining environment. Beano's Cafe's targeting approach became youth oriented. The cafe was representing a new approach to coffee, selling cappuccino and java solo drinks like espresso. Thus, the segmentation approach started to focus more on the youth differentiated segmentation market approach.As mentioned, the use of a kitchen provided the company with differentiation over th e competition, however, Beano's also has a new advantage: It offers a creative art foam that is placed on top of the cappuccino. The consumer's name or birth date can be written on a cappuccino cup or any picture can be drawn with the because the mafoam. Consumers can even do it themselves chines are manually operated. This level of personalization, allowed Beano's to differentiate itself from its competitors by offering its customers what they want and exceeding their expectations.By satisfying customers' desires, Beano's sawa growth of the company and an increase in sales of its coffee products. III to give the table the bill. Therefore, the whole process took a very fast nine minutes. Beano's also improved its communication with customers by greeting them and paying attention to their needs. Beano's has an ultimate advantage that none of its competitors have-the kitchen. Having a kitchen allows Beano's to offer a larger menu selection. Customers can also ask for items not include d in the menu or can modify their chosen item.These options are not available in most cates in the region and impress consumers. Having the advantage of a kitchen allowed Beano's to discontinue using ready-made food and instead making every meal to order, thereby differentiating itself from its closest competitor, Cilantro Cafe. This enabled customers to modify their orders. It also permitted customers to create new, customized products. Beano's is now able to forecast real quantities and therefore store essential, everyday ingredients, getting rid of unnecessary stock of less in demand products. This method turned out to be very efficient in their storage management.Becausecustomer service is such a high priority in the company's new marketing strategy, the marketing department conducted a new survey designed to improve customer service. It was executed through the cafes' branch managers and administrated by a smali team from the research department. One of the most effective quest ions concerned what customers liked and disliked about Beano's Cafe. The survey revealed that customers liked the cafe's service, atmosphere, and quick response; they did not like the company allowing some private celebrations to be held, nor did they always like the type of musie played in the cafes or the furniture.Beano's bega n to consider how to react to ali of these reported dislikes from its consumers, especially as the competition was rising with both Cilantro Cate and Costa Cafe, In addition, other new cates, such as On The Run Cafe in the Mobil Petroi Station, were improving their quality and pricing to an affordable level. Despite making these advances, Beano's had weaknesses to overcome. The cafes were not located in the main, central business streets in Egypt. These untapped areas of business opportunities prevented the company from increasing its market share.Cilantro, a competing cafe, employed successful promotional tools to spread its brand image in Egypt, including high-profile commercials. Beano's could not match the level of advertising in terms of budget and instead focused more on customer relationship management (CRM) and relationship marketing (RM) To this end, Beano's introduced a customer loyalty and smart card program that enabled customers to collect points for each separate order. The customer could then redeem the points and receive free products. Beano's also targeted ali customer segments by introducing a promotional Beano's points card.Customers pay for the cards, starting at 50 to 200 LE and use them whenever they wish. The cards turned out to be very effective for customers who are entertaining friends and for family outings. Another area that Beano's needs to improve upon involves making the cate more family friendly-an area where Cilantro is excelling. Cilantro Cafe provides coloring books and crayons for children, encouraging families to spend more time in the cafes and thus increasing business from this particular market segment. OELlVERING ON CUSTOMER SERVICE As customer service featured 50 prominantly in their marketing strategy,Beano's had to ensure that once a high level of service was achieved it was also maintained. One strategy put in place aimed at achieving this was mystery shoppers, who visited different branches to monitor and evaluate the service they receive ano the quality of the cafe's products. Among other things, they note how fast and responsive the staff members are and whether the deliver on time. The mystery shopper, a regular customer chose by the branch manager, also evaluates the quality of the coffee served, the food, the environment, the speed and care of sta and the cleanliness of the facility, including the bathrooms.RESPONOING TO THE CUSTOMER As previously mentioned, market research carried out by the company indicated that customers did not like waiting in some of the Beano's Cafe chains and did not like its prices. Its response to the problems was to put more tables in the crowded location: and to reduce prices for some popular, existing products, wh E increasing prices for newly introduced products. Customers ais disliked the musie, which did not change over the course o~ the day, and at the various locations, some said the cafcs playec the â€Å"same musie for each branch in every vi sit. Manaqemec: responded by introducing new musie every couple of hours in Ci chains. To improve the brand image of Beano's, the company also OEcided to redesign the cafe's logo, making it more attractive to c 5tomers. More money is also being spent on advertising for ne and existing products. Most of the advertising appears in prin ec materials to be displayed in cate branches to motivate COnSUrT'E' purchase of the newly launched products. BEANO'S CAFE'S MARKETING MIX SEGMENTATION In the beginning, Beano's Cafe focused on appealing to the whole Egyptian market, especially young people.The first focus for the company was to create brand awareness, as people did n ot understand the word † Beano's. † So,the cafe owners added the word cafealittle modification that solved the issue. At that time, not a lot of Beano's Cafe's marketing mix begins by developing new produ _ by studying consumers' needs, and then developing and crea ~~ a strong brand. Beano's Cafe's distinctive design and pleasan c-mosphere are the first components in its unique dining experien ~ Market research indicates that the brand's most distinguishing E::ture is the company's use of the vibrant orange color for all ad E'tising.The company also stands out because it is the only local cc== Chapter 7 I Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy: Creating Value for Target Customers Smart pricing, reviewed from a consumer perspective . Updated produet lists wit h new menu offerings. 245 â€Å"†¦ :~ers desserts, which are prepared by La Poire. According to 3†³e's market research, 21 percent of customers indicated that =-:e-: was the most prominent feature of the cafe. ‘:==110'5is putting great efforts in establishing new branches : :cpping newareas, bot h local and international.The new 10=†Eas are Sharm El Sheikh, Hurghada El Gouna Resorts, and, =~ationally, Paris, France. –e company advertises its existing products, but in only a few =:=5: FM radio, on the October Industria I City bridge, and in 2;azines. For the Cafe's new products, it relies only on banners nt of the chain. The focus of Beano's Cafe's advertising and _+otion is primarily on the youth segment (ages 18 to 25). The -:-::>any is collaborating with the advertising agency Adhoc, – ::n is spearheading the marketing campaign. The agency has 3~ed out market esearch and has also designed and imple-=-~ed promotions. The company also collaborates with White ::_0 o, a full-service design studio that offers creative, profes_-al graphic designs and development services in order to deliver –= oest image of the brand to customers. White Studio designed -= com pany's brochures, logos, ads, and flyers. -or its principal advertising campaign, Beano's used Nugoom – , 104. 2 FM), and Nile FM (100. 6 FM), presenting creative ads –a: would catch listeners' attention because of their humor, :-unds, and clever use of musie.The company made extensive use ::-= orint media resources, including magazines (Teen Stuff, Sayyedaty, – =oer alnugum, Laha) and newspapers (Alahram, Alahbar, Almasr :: oum, Almussauar). Ali were very effective media in building . set and usage imagery. Beano's created its advertising in a simple . ay by featuring its logo and photos of its cafes to build brand s. vareness and invite ali potential customers in for a visit. The -::'Uthful, non-intrusive ads generated a positive response from the :c'get audience and collectively helped to expand the cafe's brand age in the market.The ads also give customers an opportunity :0 receive unique offers, making them memorable and meaningz: . II. Each month, the cafe introduces a new special offer; for example, in December 2009, it offered a special on American coffee  ·. th chocolate fudge, and at the beginning of 2010, caramel â€Å"‘1acchiato with a muffin. Those offers are the unique invention of 3eano's Cafe and are not offered in other cafes in Egypt. The of†er of the month is always supported with printed brochures, oosters. nd other ads that allow customers to get familiar with tne latest promotions. .z; Better hiring and training programs to ensure a capable staff who deliver more than what is expected. Better quality coffee: People are happy to go to Beano's but respond negatively to the quality of coffee. By offering better coffee, the company will be able to compete wit h the 10cal, classie Arabicffurkish coffee shops. By offering new, modern European flavors, Beano's will also be able to compete with the international chains (such as Starbucks) entering the market.According to Beano's Cafe's previously mentioned mark et research, the main source of the information about the brand was Beano's itself, and then the information obtained from its customers. Research indicates that there is still a performance gap in advertising activities that the company should explore and take advantage of in the future. Its future marketing approaches should also concentrate on e-marketing via YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, MSN, Google, online radio, digital radio, e-mail marketing, mobile phone advertising, Yahoo online display banners, satellite TV channels, PRand sponsorship of cultural events and musical concerts. Questions for Oiscussion 1. Based on the segmentation variabies, how is Beano's Cafe now segmenting and targeting the coffee market? 2. Discuss how Beano's positioned itself in the Egyptian local market. Also explain how Beano's differentiated itself from the competition. 3. What changed first, the Beano's customer or the Beano's Cafe experience? Explain your response by discussing principles of market targeting. 4. Briefly outline a marketing campaign targeting a new segment for Beano's Cafe.Sources: Adapted fram Haddad, The Marketing Excellence Handbook, BUE British University Egypt, Dar El Fekr El Arabi Publications (2008); Kotler, P. , & Armstrong, G. (2010), Ptlnciples of Marketing, 13th edition, Pearson/Prentice Hall; Grewal & Levy (2010), Marketing, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill; William Pride, & O. C. Ferrell (2010), Marketing, Cengage Learning; Adcock, D. , Halborg, A. , & Ross, c. (2000), Marketing Princip/es and Practice, 4th edition, FT/Prentice Hall; Blythe, J. (2005) Essentia/s of Marketing, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall/FT; Brassington, F. & Pettit, 5. (2005), Princip/es of Marketing, Prentice Hall/FT; Dibb, 5, Simkin. L. , Pride, W. and Ferrell, O. C. (2001), Marketing: Concepts and Strategies, 4th edition, Houghton Mifflin. FUTURE STRATEGIES As Beano's develops and looks to the future, it has identified areas where it needs to improve to continue and build upon its succes s: o Continued development in terms of the cafes atmosphere, pricing, produet, and staff. Increased investment in the branches and the equipment to enhance the atmosphere.

Definition and Examples of Word Boundaries

In writing, word boundaries are conventionally represented by spaces between words. In speech, word boundaries are determined in various ways, as discussed below. Related Grammatical and Rhetorical Terms Assimilation and DissimilationConceptual MeaningConnected SpeechIntonationMetanalysisMondegreenMorpheme and PhonemeOronymsPausePhonetics and PhonologyPhonological WordProsodySegment and SuprasegmentalSlip of the EarSound Change Examples of Word Boundaries When I was very young, my mother scolded me for flatulating by saying, Johnny, who made an odor? I misheard her euphemism as who made a motor? For days I ran around the house amusing myself with those delicious words. (John B. Lee, Building Bicycles in the Dark: A Practical Guide on How to Write. Black Moss Press, 2001I could have sworn I heard on the news that the Chinese were producing new trombones. No, it was neutron bombs. (Doug Stone, quoted by Rosemarie Jarski in Dim Wit: The Funniest, Stupidest Things Ever Said. Ebury, 2008As far as input processing is concerned, we may also recognize slips of the ear, as when we start to hear a particular sequence and then realize that we have misperceived it in some way; e.g. perceiving the ambulance at the start of the yam balanced delicately on the top . . ..  (Michael Garman, Psycholinguistics. Cambridge University Press, 2000 Word Recognition The usual criterion for word recognition is that suggested by the linguist Leonard Bloomfield, who defined a word as a minimal free form. . . .The concept of a word as a minimal free form suggests two important things about words. First, their ability to stand on their own as isolates. This is reflected in the space which surrounds a word in its orthographical form. And secondly, their internal integrity, or cohesion, as units. If we move a word around in a sentence, whether spoken or written, we have to move the whole word or none of it--we cannot move part of a word.(Geoffrey Finch, Linguistic Terms, and Concepts. Palgrave Macmillan, 2000)[T]he great majority of English nouns begins with a stressed syllable. Listeners use this expectation about the structure of English and partition the continuous speech stream employing stressed syllables.(Z.S. Bond, Slips of the Ear. The Handbook of Speech Perception, ed. by David Pisoni and Robert Remez. Wiley-Blackwell, 2005) Tests of Word Identification Potential pause: Say a sentence out loud, and ask someone to repeat it very slowly, with pauses. The pauses will tend to fall between words, and not within words. For example, the / three / little / pigs / went / to / market. . . .Indivisibility:  Say a sentence out loud, and ask someone to add extra words to it. The extra item will be added between the words and not within them. For example, the pig went to market might become the big pig once went straight to the market. . . .Phonetic boundaries:  It is sometimes possible to tell from the sound of a word where it begins or ends. In Welsh, for example, long words generally have their stress on the penultimate syllable . . .. But there are many exceptions to such rules.Semantic units:  In the sentence Dog bites vicar, there are plainly three units of meaning, and each unit corresponds to a word. But language is often not as neat as this. In I switched on the light, the has little clear meaning, and the single action of switchin g on involves two words.​(Adapted from The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language, 3rd ed., by David Crystal. Cambridge University Press, 2010) Explicit Segmentation [E]xperiments in English have suggested that listeners segment speech at strong syllable onsets. For example, finding a real word in a spoken nonsense sequence is hard if the word is spread over two strong syllables (e.g., mint in [mÇ€ntef]) but easier if the word is spread over a strong and a following weak syllable (e.g., mint in [mÇ€ntÉ™f]; Cutler Norris, 1988).The proposed explanation for this is that listeners divide the former sequence at the onset of the second strong syllable, so that detecting the embedded word requires recombination of speech material across a segmentation point, while the latter sequence offers no such obstacles to embedded word detection as the non-initial syllable is weak and so the sequence is simply not divided.Similarly, when English speakers make slips of the ear that involve mistakes in word boundary placement, they tend most often to insert boundaries before strong syllables (e.g., hearing by loose analogy as by Luce and Allergy) or delet e boundaries before weak syllables (e.g., hearing how big is it? as how bigoted?; Cutler Butterfield, 1992).These findings prompted the proposal of the Metrical Segmentation Strategy for English (Cutler Norris, 1988; Cutler, 1990), whereby listeners are assumed to segment speech at strong syllable onsets because they operate on the assumption, justified by distributional patterns in the input, that strong syllables are highly likely to signal the onset of lexical words. . . .Explicit segmentation has the strong theoretical advantage that it offers a solution to the word boundary problem both for the adult and for the infant listener. . . .Together these strands of evidence motivate the claim that the explicit segmentation procedures used by adult listeners may in fact have their origin in the infants exploitation ofrhythmic structure to solve the initial word boundary problem.​(Anne Cutler, Prosody and the Word Boundary Problem. Signal to Syntax: Bootstrapping from Speech t o Grammar in Early Acquisition, ed. by James L. Morgan and Katherine Demuth. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1996)